Pleadings The concept of “Pleadings” is an important subject matter of CPC. It shall mean ‘plaint’ or ‘written’ statement’. A civil suit starts with the presentation of plaint and for the purpose of defending the defendant submits the written statement ...

Summons The concept of ‘Summons is an important subject matter of the CPC. When the plaintiff files a suit, the defendant has to be informed that the suit, the defendant has to be informed that the suit has been filed ...

Institution of Civil Suits Where to be instituted: Section 15 of the C P C specifies that every suit shall be instituted in the Court of the lowest grade competent to try it. How to Institute: With regard to institution ...

Res-subjudice (Stay of Suit) Section 10 of the CPC deals with the concept of ‘res subjudice’. The Latin world ‘ Res ’ means ‘ thing ’ and ‘ sub judice ’ meand ‘ under a judge ’ or ‘ under determination ...

Structure of Civil Courts and Jurisdiction Section 3 of the Civil Courts Act, 1887, as amended by the Civil Courts Act 2001, provides for the following classes of Civil Courts, namely Appellate Division The Supreme Court                          High Court Division The ...

Introduction General concept of Substantive law and Procedural law: – Both public and private law may be substantive law or procedural law. The distinction between the substantive and procedural law is not an always easy and clear-cut. The same law may be ...

Introduction Law of civil procedure consists of the rules by which courts conduct civil trials. “Civil trials” concern the judicial resolution of claims by one individual or group against another and are to be distinguished from “criminal trials,” in which ...

Admiralty law or maritime law is a distinct body of law that governs maritime questions and offenses. It is a body of both domestic law governing maritime activities, and private international law governing the relationships between private entities that operate ...

Introduction: Disputes are a fact of life. A. D. R. means Alternative Dispute Resolution, mostly applied to civil cases. When a civil case is instituted in a court of competent jurisdiction, the scenario usually is, that a long time is ...

Democracy or Dictatorship In a vibrant democracy, democratic practice or power of the people should not end with the casting of a ballot. But unfortunately for us, as soon as we have elected our representative lawmaker, he is out of ...